Examkin

Question

Difficulty: MediumStandard and Transmission-Based Precautions

Match each client scenario with the most appropriate transmission-based precaution.

  • Client with severe diarrhea and confirmed Clostridioides difficileContact precautions using gown and gloves, with hand hygiene restricted to soap and water
  • Client with a maculopapular rash and confirmed rubeola (measles)Airborne precautions requiring a negative-pressure room and an N95 respirator
  • Client with bacterial meningitis caused by Neisseria meningitidisDroplet precautions requiring a surgical mask when within 3 feet of the client
  • Client with a urinary tract infection caused by Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE)Contact precautions using gown and gloves, with hand hygiene performed using an alcohol-based hand rub or soap and water

Answer

C. difficile matches with soap and water contact precautions; Measles matches with airborne precautions; N. meningitidis matches with droplet precautions; VRE matches with standard contact precautions including alcohol-based hand rub.
Each pathogen requires specific precautions based on its mode of transmission and characteristics: standard contact (VRE), contact with spore-specific hand hygiene (C. difficile), airborne (measles), and droplet (N. meningitidis).

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the primary mode of transmission for each pathogen.
C. difficile and VRE are spread by contact. Measles is spread by the airborne route. N. meningitidis is spread by droplets.
Understanding the transmission route dictates the baseline isolation category.
2
Determine specific hand hygiene requirements for the contact precaution pathogens.
C. difficile requires soap and water due to its spores. VRE can be managed safely with alcohol-based hand rubs.
Not all contact precautions have the same hand hygiene rules; spore-forming bacteria require mechanical removal via handwashing.
3
Determine specific respiratory protection requirements for the respiratory pathogens.
Measles requires an N95 respirator in a negative-pressure room. N. meningitidis requires a standard surgical mask without negative pressure.
Airborne particles remain suspended and require a fitted respirator, while droplets drop quickly and only require a standard mask.

Key Concept

Standard and Transmission-Based Precautions
Estimated Time:1m 30s
Rate this question

Topics

Standard and Transmission-Based Precautions

More questions from this topic