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Difficulty: MediumLifestyle Choices

A family practice nurse is providing education to a client regarding lifestyle choices and primary prevention strategies to reduce the risk of skin cancer. Which statement by the client indicates a correct understanding of the teaching?

  1. A
    By performing a full-body skin examination in the mirror on the first day of every month, I can prevent skin cancer from occurring.
  2. B
    Now that I am in my seventies, I understand that developing new, irregularly bordered dark moles is a normal part of the aging process.
  3. I will apply a broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of at least 30 approximately 15 to 30 minutes before I go outdoors.Answer
  4. D
    To protect my 3-month-old infant during our beach trip, I will apply a high-SPF chemical sunscreen generously over their entire body.

Answer

The correct answer is the statement about applying a broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of at least 30 approximately 15 to 30 minutes before going outdoors.
Applying a broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher at least 15 to 30 minutes before sun exposure is an evidence-based lifestyle choice and primary prevention strategy. It protects the skin from both UVA and UVB damage, allowing the chemical barrier sufficient time to bind to the skin before exposure.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the question requirements.
The question asks to identify a true statement that demonstrates accurate knowledge of primary prevention strategies and lifestyle choices regarding skin cancer.
To safely evaluate whether the client can apply health promotion education correctly.
2
Evaluate the option regarding monthly skin examinations.
This statement is incorrect because skin checks are a form of secondary prevention (early detection), not primary prevention (risk reduction).
Primary prevention aims to prevent the disease from occurring, whereas secondary prevention focuses on finding it early.
3
Evaluate the option regarding new, irregularly bordered moles in older age.
This statement is incorrect because new, irregular moles are a sign of pathology (potential melanoma), not a normal aging process.
Nurses must differentiate between normal age-related skin changes (like lentigines) and malignant lesions.
4
Evaluate the option regarding sunscreen use on a 3-month-old infant.
This statement is incorrect because chemical sunscreens are contraindicated for infants under 6 months.
Young infants have immature skin barriers and are at high risk for systemic absorption of chemicals; physical shade is required instead.
5
Evaluate the option regarding sunscreen application timing.
This statement is correct. Applying broad-spectrum SPF 30+ sunscreen 15-30 minutes before exposure is an evidence-based primary prevention strategy.
Chemical sunscreens require sufficient time to bind to the epidermis to provide maximum protection.

Key Concept

Primary Prevention and Sun Safety
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Topics

Lifestyle Choices

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