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Difficulty: EasyStandard and Transmission-Based Precautions

A clinical educator is reviewing infection control protocols with a group of newly hired nurses. Match each specific infection control action to its corresponding precaution category.

  • Wear an N95 respirator and place the patient in a negative-pressure room.Airborne Precautions
  • Wear a standard surgical mask when working within 3 feet of the patient.Droplet Precautions
  • Don a gown and gloves upon entering the patient's room.Contact Precautions
  • Perform hand hygiene and use personal protective equipment only if contact with blood or body fluids is anticipated.Standard Precautions

Answer

The specific actions match directly to their defining precaution categories: N95 and negative pressure indicate Airborne Precautions; a surgical mask within 3 feet indicates Droplet Precautions; gown and gloves upon entry indicate Contact Precautions; and baseline hygiene with situational PPE indicates Standard Precautions.
Each matching pair accurately reflects the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) guidelines for infection control. Appropriate PPE and environmental controls are the foundation of preventing pathogen transmission in healthcare settings.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the transmission-based precaution that requires high-level respiratory protection and specialized ventilation.
Airborne precautions require an N95 respirator and a negative-pressure room.
Pathogens like tuberculosis and measles are small enough to remain airborne and require stringent measures.
2
Identify the precaution that targets large respiratory droplets.
Droplet precautions require a surgical mask when in close proximity to the patient.
Large droplets generated by coughing or sneezing travel short distances (typically 3 to 6 feet).
3
Identify the precaution designed to prevent transmission via direct touch.
Contact precautions require donning a gown and gloves upon entering the room.
This provides a physical barrier against organisms like MRSA or VRE present on the patient or in their environment.
4
Identify the universal baseline infection control practice.
Standard precautions apply to all patient care and involve hand hygiene and exposure-based PPE.
These are the primary strategy for the prevention of healthcare-associated transmission of infections among all patients.

Key Concept

Standard and Transmission-Based Precautions core interventions
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Topics

Standard and Transmission-Based Precautions

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