Match each client's clinical presentation to the correct infection control precautions and room assignment requirement.
- Client with suspected pulmonary tuberculosisAssign to an Airborne Infection Isolation Room (AIIR); staff must wear an N95 respirator.
- Client diagnosed with Mycoplasma pneumoniaeAssign to a private room; staff must wear a surgical mask when within 3 feet of the client.
- Client with vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) in a urine cultureAssign to a private room; staff must don a gown and gloves upon entering the room.
- Client with asymptomatic HIV and a closed radial fractureAssign to a standard room; staff use PPE only if exposure to blood or body fluids is anticipated.
Answer
The correct matches align tuberculosis with Airborne Precautions (AIIR and N95), Mycoplasma pneumoniae with Droplet Precautions (private room and surgical mask), VRE with Contact Precautions (private room, gown, and gloves), and the closed fracture in an HIV-positive client with Standard Precautions.
Each client's clinical presentation dictates specific isolation requirements based on the pathogen's mode of transmission. Tuberculosis requires Airborne Precautions due to aerosolized droplet nuclei. Mycoplasma pneumoniae requires Droplet Precautions due to large respiratory droplets. VRE requires Contact Precautions to prevent transmission via direct contact. A closed fracture in a client with HIV requires only Standard Precautions, as there is no anticipated contact with blood or body fluids.
Step-by-Step Solution
Key Concept
Standard and Transmission-Based Precautions