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Difficulty: MediumHealth Promotion and Disease Prevention

A district school nurse is collaborating with a local health coalition to address the increasing prevalence of childhood obesity. The nurse is tasked with prioritizing a primary disease prevention strategy. Which of the following interventions should the nurse select?

  1. A
    Organizing annual body mass index (BMI) measurement sessions for all students to identify those at early risk.
  2. B
    Establishing a specialized after-school fitness program tailored for children recently diagnosed with metabolic syndrome.
  3. Integrating an interactive module on making balanced nutritional choices into the elementary school curriculum.Answer
  4. D
    Distributing personal, smartphone-based dietary tracking applications to first-grade students to monitor their daily caloric intake.

Answer

Integrating an interactive module on making balanced nutritional choices into the elementary school curriculum.
Primary prevention strategies are designed to prevent the initial occurrence of a disease or condition in a susceptible population. Integrating educational modules about nutrition into a school curriculum provides universal health promotion that encourages healthy habits before obesity develops, making it the correct primary prevention choice.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the stem to determine the core objective.
The nurse needs to select a primary disease prevention strategy for childhood obesity.
Identifying the required level of prevention is necessary to evaluate the options.
2
Define the characteristics of primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention.
Primary prevention prevents disease onset (e.g., education). Secondary prevention focuses on early detection (e.g., screening). Tertiary prevention manages existing disease to prevent complications (e.g., treatment programs).
Recalling these definitions allows for accurate classification of each proposed intervention.
3
Evaluate the options against the definitions and developmental appropriateness.
The educational curriculum module is primary prevention. BMI screening is secondary. The program for diagnosed children is tertiary. The tracking app for first-graders is developmentally inappropriate.
Systematically reviewing options ensures the correct prevention level and clinical feasibility are met.

Key Concept

Primary disease prevention aims to prevent disease or injury before it ever occurs by promoting healthy behaviors and reducing exposure to risk factors.
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Topics

Health Promotion and Disease Prevention

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