Question

Difficulty: HardExplicit Details

Though taxonomically classified alongside active predators, the deep-sea cephalopod *Vampyroteuthis infernalis* (the vampire squid) employs a passive detrital feeding strategy unique among its relatives. Inhabiting the ocean's oxygen minimum zone—a region of extreme hypoxia—the species cannot sustain the metabolic demands of active hunting. Instead, it deploys two long, retractile sensory filaments to capture falling marine snow, which comprises sinking organic debris such as fecal pellets and planktonic remains. Once these particulates accumulate on the sticky filaments, the squid retracts them, utilizing its arms' specialized, finger-like projections called cirri to scrape the collected debris from the filaments and transfer it to its mouth. This low-energy dietary adaptation allows the organism to occupy a physiological niche that excludes typical marine predators.

Based on the text, what is true of the cirri of *Vampyroteuthis infernalis*?

  1. They are used to scrape accumulated organic debris off the squid's sensory filaments.Answer
  2. B
    They are extended directly into the water column to intercept falling planktonic remains.
  3. C
    They assist the squid in actively capturing live prey when oxygen levels rise.
  4. D
    They generate the propulsion necessary for the squid to escape from active predators in the oxygen minimum zone.

Answer

The cirri of the vampire squid are used to scrape accumulated organic debris off its sensory filaments.
The correct answer is supported by the text's explicit description of the feeding process: the vampire squid uses its arms' specialized, finger-like projections called cirri to scrape collected organic debris (marine snow) off its retracted sensory filaments and move it to its mouth.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the target entity and details in the question.
The target is the 'cirri' of the vampire squid (*Vampyroteuthis infernalis*).
The question asks what is true of this specific anatomical feature based on the passage.
2
Locate the mention of 'cirri' in the passage and analyze the context.
The text states that once particulates accumulate on the sensory filaments, the squid retracts them, 'utilizing its arms' specialized, finger-like projections called cirri to scrape the collected debris from the filaments and transfer it to its mouth.'
This direct statement describes the exact function of the cirri.
3
Evaluate the choices against the explicit detail found in the text.
The statement describing the cirri as being used to scrape accumulated organic debris off the sensory filaments directly matches the text's description. The other choices mischaracterize the feeding process, introduce speculative details about active prey capture, or make unrelated claims about locomotion.
This confirms the correct option based on explicit textual support and eliminates wrong options.

Key Concept

Explicit Details
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