Question

Difficulty: MediumSolved 1 times0% correct100% wrongSystems of Linear Inequalities in Two Variables

A landscaping company is planting xx maple trees and yy pine trees in a park. The number of trees of each type must satisfy the system of inequalities below:

30x+40y≤360x+y≥10x≥4\begin{aligned} 30x + 40y &\le 360 \\ x + y &\ge 10 \\ x &\ge 4 \end{aligned}

What is the maximum number of pine trees the company can plant?

Answer: 6

Answer

The maximum number of pine trees the company can plant is 6.
To find the maximum number of pine trees, yy, we look at the boundary constraints. The constraint x≥4x \ge 4 states that at least 44 maple trees must be planted. Since planting fewer maple trees leaves more of the budget for pine trees, we minimize xx by setting x=4x = 4. Substituting this value into the budget inequality 30x+40y≤36030x + 40y \le 360 gives 120+40y≤360120 + 40y \le 360. Solving for yy yields 40y≤24040y \le 240, which simplifies to y≤6y \le 6. We then verify that the solution (4,6)(4, 6) satisfies the total tree constraint x+y≥10x + y \ge 10, which it does since 4+6=104 + 6 = 10. Thus, the maximum number of pine trees is 6.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Substitute the minimum possible value of xx into the first inequality.
Since x≥4x \ge 4, the smallest possible value for xx is 44. Substituting x=4x = 4 into 30x+40y≤36030x + 40y \le 360 yields:
30(4)+40y≤36030(4) + 40y \le 360
120+40y≤360120 + 40y \le 360
To maximize the value of yy under the resource constraint, we must minimize the value of xx.
2
Solve the inequality for yy.
40y≤24040y \le 240
y≤6y \le 6
This establishes that the maximum possible value for yy based on the budget constraint is 66.
3
Verify that (4,6)(4, 6) satisfies all inequalities in the system.
Checking the second inequality: x+y≥10  ⟹  4+6=10≥10x + y \ge 10 \implies 4 + 6 = 10 \ge 10, which is true. The third inequality x≥4  ⟹  4≥4x \ge 4 \implies 4 \ge 4 is also true.
A coordinate pair must satisfy all inequalities in the system to be a valid solution.

Key Concept

To find the maximum value of a variable in a system of inequalities with constraints, analyze the boundary lines and the intersection points of the feasible region.
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