Question

Difficulty: MediumSystems of Linear Inequalities in Two Variables

In the xyxy-plane, a point with coordinates (x,y)(x, y) lies in the solution set of the system of inequalities below.

y≤−x+7y \leq -x + 7
y≥2x−5y \geq 2x - 5
y≥0y \geq 0

What is the maximum possible value of xx?

  1. A
    3
  2. 4Answer
  3. C
    7
  4. D
    2.5

Answer

The maximum possible value of xx is 4.
To find the maximum possible value of xx in the solution set, we analyze the boundaries of the system. The inequality y≤−x+7y \leq -x + 7 can be rewritten as x≤7−yx \leq 7 - y. The inequality y≥2x−5y \geq 2x - 5 can be rewritten as x≤0.5y+2.5x \leq 0.5y + 2.5. For any point in the solution set, xx must be less than or equal to both 7−y7 - y and 0.5y+2.50.5y + 2.5. Since y≥0y \geq 0, the maximum value of xx will occur where these two upper bounds are equal: 7−y=0.5y+2.57 - y = 0.5y + 2.5, which simplifies to 1.5y=4.51.5y = 4.5, or y=3y = 3. Substituting y=3y = 3 back into either equation gives x=4x = 4. For any y>3y > 3, x≤7−y<4x \leq 7 - y < 4. For any y<3y < 3, x≤0.5y+2.5<4x \leq 0.5y + 2.5 < 4. Thus, the maximum possible value of xx is 4.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Express the boundaries of xx in terms of yy from the given inequalities.
x≤7−yx \leq 7 - y and x≤0.5y+2.5x \leq 0.5y + 2.5
To find the upper limits on xx, we solve each inequality for xx.
2
Find the intersection point of the two boundary lines by setting the expressions equal to each other.
7−y=0.5y+2.5  ⟹  1.5y=4.5  ⟹  y=37 - y = 0.5y + 2.5 \implies 1.5y = 4.5 \implies y = 3. Substituting y=3y = 3 gives x=4x = 4.
The maximum value of xx occurs at the intersection of the two boundary constraints since one boundary increases with yy and the other decreases with yy.
3
Verify that the intersection point (4,3)(4, 3) satisfies all three inequalities.
3≤−4+73 \leq -4 + 7 (true), 3≥2(4)−53 \geq 2(4) - 5 (true), and 3≥03 \geq 0 (true).
Ensuring the point lies within the solution set confirms it is a valid maximum.

Key Concept

Systems of Linear Inequalities in Two Variables
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