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Difficulty: MediumExplicit Details

In the peat swamp forests of Borneo, the pitcher plant *Nepenthes hemsleyana* has evolved a mutualistic relationship with Hardwicke's woolly bat (*Kerivoula hardwickii*). While most pitcher plants typically attract and digest insects, *N. hemsleyana* features a specialized parabolic reflector on its inner wall that reflects the bats' high-frequency echolocation calls, helping the bats locate the plants in dense vegetation. The bats use the pitchers as roosting sites, where they are protected from predators. In return, the bats deposit nitrogen-rich guano inside the pitchers. This fecal matter is crucial for the plant's survival, supplying approximately 34%34\% of its total nitrogen budget.

Based on the text, what is true of the relationship between Hardwicke's woolly bats and *Nepenthes hemsleyana* pitcher plants?

  1. A
    The bats assist the plants in capturing and digesting insects.
  2. B
    The bats locate the plants by detecting chemical scents emitted by the plant's inner wall.
  3. The bats provide the plants with about 34%34\% of their total nitrogen supply.Answer
  4. D
    The plants rely on the bats as their only source of nitrogen.

Answer

The bats provide the plants with about 34%34\% of their total nitrogen supply.
The correct option is supported directly by the text, which states that the bats deposit nitrogen-rich guano inside the plants, supplying approximately 34%34\% of the plant's total nitrogen budget.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the question stem to identify what is being asked.
The question asks what is true of the relationship between Hardwicke's woolly bats and the pitcher plants based on the text.
Identifying the focus of the question ensures we look for explicit details in the text regarding this specific relationship.
2
Locate details in the text describing the interactions between the bats and the plants.
The text states that the bats roost in the plants, and in return, deposit guano that supplies 'approximately 34%34\% of its total nitrogen budget.'
We must find the choice that directly reflects these explicit details without making unsupported assumptions.

Key Concept

Locating and understanding explicit details in a text.
Estimated Time:1m 30s
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