Question

Difficulty: HardSystems of Linear Inequalities in Two Variables
A system of inequalities is shown below.
y3x+15y2x+2\begin{aligned} y &\leq -3x + 15 \\ y &\leq 2x + 2 \end{aligned}
If (x,y)(x, y) is a solution to the system, what is the maximum possible integer value of yy?
  1. A
    6
  2. 7Answer
  3. C
    8
  4. D
    15

Answer

7
The maximum value of yy in the system occurs at the intersection of the boundary lines y=3x+15y = -3x + 15 and y=2x+2y = 2x + 2. Solving for the intersection gives x=2.6x = 2.6 and y=7.2y = 7.2. Since any point in the solution set must satisfy y7.2y \leq 7.2, the largest possible integer value for yy is 7. We can confirm this is achievable because when y=7y = 7, xx can be any value in the range [2.5,2.67][2.5, 2.67] (such as x=2.6x=2.6), which satisfies both inequalities.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Find the intersection point of the boundary lines.
Set the two equations equal to find the xx-coordinate: 3x+15=2x+2    5x=13    x=2.6-3x + 15 = 2x + 2 \implies 5x = 13 \implies x = 2.6.
The maximum value of yy in a system bounded from above by two lines with opposing slopes occurs at their point of intersection.
2
Calculate the corresponding maximum yy-value.
Substitute x=2.6x = 2.6 into either boundary equation: y=2(2.6)+2=7.2y = 2(2.6) + 2 = 7.2.
This determines the absolute upper bound of yy for any coordinate pair in the solution set.
3
Determine the maximum integer value of yy.
Since y7.2y \leq 7.2, the largest integer value that yy can take is 7.
The question asks specifically for the maximum integer value of yy, and since 77.27 \leq 7.2, a solution exists at this yy-value.
4
Verify that a solution exists for y=7y = 7.
For y=7y = 7, the system requires 73x+15    x2.677 \leq -3x + 15 \implies x \leq 2.67 and 72x+2    x2.57 \leq 2x + 2 \implies x \geq 2.5. The interval [2.5,2.67][2.5, 2.67] is non-empty, so valid solutions (e.g., (2.6,7)(2.6, 7)) exist.
This confirms that y=7y = 7 is attainable within the feasible region.

Key Concept

Optimization of variables within systems of linear inequalities
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