Question

Difficulty: MediumPunctuation of Nonessential Elements

Read the passage below. In the blank, enter the single punctuation mark that correctly completes the sentence by setting off the nonessential element.

Answer:Discovered in a shipwreck off the Greek island of Antikythera, the remains of a complex bronze device have fascinated archaeologists since 1901. This device, a system of interlocking gearwheels dating back to the second century BCE【,】was used to track astronomical cycles with extraordinary precision. Historians consider it to be the earliest known analog computer, pre-dating similar European technology by more than a millennium.

Answer

A comma (,) must be placed in the blank.
The phrase 'a system of interlocking gearwheels dating back to the second century BCE' is a nonessential appositive modifying the subject 'This device'. Since the nonessential element is opened with a comma after 'device', it must be closed with a matching comma before the main verb 'was used' to prevent asymmetrical punctuation.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the nonessential element in the sentence.
The phrase 'a system of interlocking gearwheels dating back to the second century BCE' is an appositive phrase that provides nonessential details about the subject 'This device'.
Nonessential elements can be removed from a sentence without changing its core grammatical structure or meaning.
2
Check the punctuation used at the beginning of the nonessential element.
A comma is used immediately after 'This device' to open the nonessential phrase.
To maintain grammatical symmetry, the punctuation mark used to open a nonessential element must match the punctuation mark used to close it.
3
Determine the correct punctuation mark for the blank.
A comma is required in the blank to match the opening comma.
Using another punctuation mark, such as a dash or parenthesis, would create asymmetrical punctuation, which is incorrect.

Key Concept

Punctuation of Nonessential Elements
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