Question

Difficulty: EasyPolynomial Factors and Graphs

The polynomial function pp is defined by p(x)=(x−3)(x−5)(x−r)p(x) = (x - 3)(x - 5)(x - r), where rr is a constant. If the graph of y=p(x)y = p(x) in the xyxy-plane intersects the yy-axis at (0,−60)(0, -60), what is the value of rr?

Answer: 4

Answer

The value of rr is 44.
Evaluating the polynomial at x=0x = 0 yields the yy-intercept of the graph, which is given as −60-60. Substituting 00 for xx in the equation p(x)=(x−3)(x−5)(x−r)p(x) = (x - 3)(x - 5)(x - r) gives p(0)=(0−3)(0−5)(0−r)=(−3)(−5)(−r)=−15rp(0) = (0 - 3)(0 - 5)(0 - r) = (-3)(-5)(-r) = -15r. Setting this expression equal to −60-60 yields −15r=−60-15r = -60. Dividing both sides of the equation by −15-15 yields r=4r = 4.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the meaning of the yy-intercept.
Evaluating p(x)p(x) at x=0x = 0 must equal −60-60, so p(0)=−60p(0) = -60.
The yy-intercept of a graph occurs where the xx-coordinate is 00.
2
Substitute x=0x = 0 into the polynomial expression.
p(0)=(0−3)(0−5)(0−r)=(−3)(−5)(−r)=−15rp(0) = (0 - 3)(0 - 5)(0 - r) = (-3)(-5)(-r) = -15r.
This simplifies the polynomial expression in terms of the unknown constant rr.
3
Set the expression equal to the given yy-intercept value and solve for rr.
−15r=−60  ⟹  r=4-15r = -60 \implies r = 4.
Dividing both sides by −15-15 isolates the variable rr.

Key Concept

Using the y-intercept of a polynomial function to find an unknown root/constant in its factored form.
Rate this question