Question

Difficulty: MediumTypes of Markets and Trading Venues

A compliance manager is reviewing secondary market operational workflows for a registered broker-dealer across exchange platforms, over-the-counter (OTC) venues, and post-trade processing entities. Which of the following statements correctly describe the characteristics of these trading venues and clearing entities?

  1. Secondary market transactions on exchange venues occur between investors, where the issuing corporation receives no capital from the trade.Answer
  2. B
    When a broker-dealer fills a customer order as a broker in an agency capacity, it executes the transaction from its own proprietary inventory and earns a mark-up or mark-down.
  3. Over-the-counter (OTC) trading functions as a decentralized, negotiated market where market makers maintain inventory and post bid and ask quotes.Answer
  4. D
    The Depository Trust Company (DTC) is responsible for trade netting and clearance, whereas the National Securities Clearing Corporation (NSCC) acts strictly as the central depository providing asset custody.

Answer

The correct statements are that secondary market transactions occur between investors with no proceeds going to the issuer, and that over-the-counter (OTC) trading operates as a decentralized, negotiated market facilitated by market makers.
Secondary market transactions take place strictly between buying and selling investors without raising proceeds for the issuing entity. Furthermore, over-the-counter (OTC) secondary trading takes place across a decentralized network where market makers compete by quoting bid/ask prices and executing trades as principal or agent.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze secondary market trading venue characteristics.
Secondary markets host transactions between public investors, meaning issuers do not receive capital from these trades. Additionally, OTC markets operate across decentralized dealer networks rather than single physical exchange floors.
Differentiating primary market issuance from secondary trading venues is fundamental to capital market structure.
2
Evaluate broker-dealer capacity definitions.
A broker acts in an agency capacity (matching orders for commission), while a dealer acts in a principal capacity (trading from inventory with mark-ups/mark-downs).
Conflating broker (agency) and dealer (principal) roles violates core FINRA definitions.
3
Examine clearing and depository operational functions.
The NSCC clears and nets trades, whereas the DTC holds securities in custody and performs book-entry settlement.
Attributing clearing duties to DTC instead of NSCC represents a clearance versus depository role confusion.

Key Concept

Secondary Trading Venues, Broker-Dealer Execution Capacities, and Clearing Entities
Rate this question