Question

Difficulty: EasyNon-Systematic and Credit Risks

Match each non-systematic risk category to the real-world scenario that best illustrates it.

  • Business RiskA company suffers profit losses due to poor executive decisions and product recall costs.
  • Credit RiskA corporate bond issuer defaults on its scheduled interest payments due to insolvency.
  • Liquidity RiskAn investor holding a private placement security cannot quickly convert it to cash without a major price discount.
  • Regulatory RiskNew environmental compliance legislation sharply increases operating costs for a manufacturing firm.

Answer

Business Risk matches the scenario where a company suffers profit losses due to poor executive decisions; Credit Risk matches the bond issuer defaulting on scheduled interest payments; Liquidity Risk matches the investor unable to quickly convert a private placement to cash without price concession; Regulatory Risk matches new environmental compliance legislation increasing operating costs.
Business Risk pairs with losses caused by management mistakes or product issues. Credit Risk pairs with a debt issuer defaulting on coupon payments. Liquidity Risk pairs with the difficulty of quickly converting a security into cash at fair value. Regulatory Risk pairs with government rule changes impacting business operations.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the Business Risk concept
Identified company-specific management failures and product recall costs as Business Risk.
Business risk relates directly to internal operations, management decision-making, and firm profitability.
2
Analyze the Credit Risk concept
Identified issuer default on bond interest payments as Credit Risk.
Credit risk represents financial risk associated with debt issuers failing to meet interest or principal commitments.
3
Analyze the Liquidity Risk concept
Identified the inability to sell a private placement quickly without price concession as Liquidity Risk.
Liquidity risk measures how easily and quickly a security can be liquidated for fair market value.
4
Analyze the Regulatory Risk concept
Identified new environmental compliance rules increasing costs as Regulatory Risk.
Regulatory risk arises from legislative or regulatory policy shifts that adversely affect business operations.

Key Concept

Non-Systematic Risk Types and Definitions
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