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Difficulty: MediumHuman Physiology, Health, and Diseases

Consider the following statements regarding human infectious diseases and their etiology:

1. Kala-azar (Visceral Leishmaniasis) is caused by a protozoan parasite transmitted to humans through the bite of infected sandflies.
2. Human African Trypanosomiasis (Sleeping Sickness) is a bacterial infection transmitted by the bite of tsetse flies.
3. Dengue is a viral infection transmitted to humans through the bite of infected female Aedes aegypti mosquitoes.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

  1. 1 and 3 onlyAnswer
  2. B
    1 and 2 only
  3. C
    2 and 3 only
  4. D
    1, 2 and 3

Answer

Statements 1 and 3 are correct, while statement 2 is incorrect.
The correct response includes statements 1 and 3. Kala-azar is indeed a parasitic protozoan disease transmitted by sandflies, and Dengue is an arboviral disease transmitted by female Aedes mosquitoes. Statement 2 is incorrect because Sleeping Sickness is caused by protozoan parasites (Trypanosoma brucei), not bacteria.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze statement 1
Kala-azar is caused by Leishmania parasites (protozoa) and spread by phlebotomine sandflies, making statement 1 true.
Verify the pathogen and vector for Kala-azar.
2
Analyze statement 2
Sleeping Sickness is caused by microscopic protozoan parasites of the species Trypanosoma brucei, not bacteria, making statement 2 false.
Verify the pathogen classification for Human African Trypanosomiasis.
3
Analyze statement 3
Dengue is caused by the Dengue virus (FLAVIVIRIDAE family) and transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, making statement 3 true.
Verify the pathogen and vector for Dengue.

Key Concept

Distinction between protozoan, bacterial, and viral pathogens in vector-borne diseases
Estimated Time:1m 0s
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Topics

Human Physiology, Health, and Diseases

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