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Difficulty: EasySoils, Natural Vegetation, and Agriculture in India

Match List-I (Soil / Vegetation Type in India) with List-II (Characteristic Region / Feature):

  • Black Soil (Regur)Deccan Lava Plateau, highly moisture-retentive, ideal for cotton
  • Laterite SoilIntensely leached soil formed under heavy rainfall and monsoon climatic conditions
  • Tropical Evergreen ForestWestern Ghats and North-East India receiving over 200 cm annual rainfall
  • Mangrove VegetationGanga-Brahmaputra Sundarbans Delta with specialized breathing roots

Answer

Black Soil pairs with Deccan Lava Plateau; Laterite Soil pairs with intensely leached soil regions; Tropical Evergreen Forest pairs with heavy rainfall zones (>200 cm) of Western Ghats/North-East; Mangrove Vegetation pairs with coastal deltas like the Sundarbans.
Each item in List-I uniquely aligns with its corresponding spatial distribution and environmental characteristic in List-II: Black soil with the Deccan basalt plateau, Laterite soil with heavy tropical leaching, Tropical Evergreen forests with wet regions receiving over 200 cm rainfall, and Mangroves with deltaic tidal mudflats.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the primary parent rock and agricultural region of Black Soil.
Black soil originated from basaltic Deccan lava flows and is famous for holding moisture, making it ideal for cotton production.
Relate pedological properties to geography.
2
Identify the formation mechanism of Laterite Soil.
Heavy leaching in tropical rainy conditions washes away silica, leaving behind iron and aluminum oxides.
Relate weathering processes to soil classification.
3
Determine climatic thresholds for Tropical Evergreen Forests.
Requires high humidity and rainfall exceeding 200 cm annually, found prominently in the Western Ghats windward side and North-East India.
Relate rainfall ranges to natural vegetation zones.
4
Associate Mangrove Vegetation with its morphological and spatial adaptation.
Grows along intertidal zones such as the Ganga-Brahmaputra Delta (Sundarbans) with pneumatophores.
Relate coastal ecosystem features to vegetation types.

Key Concept

Distribution and Ecological Characteristics of Major Soil Types and Natural Vegetation in India
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Topics

Soils, Natural Vegetation, and Agriculture in India

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