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Difficulty: HardState History and Historical Movements

With reference to the historic Bijolia Peasant Movement in regional state history, consider the following statements:

1. It originated in the Mewar princely state as a prolonged non-violent agrarian struggle against excessive land revenue demands, forced labor (begar), and arbitrary feudal cesses (lag-bags).
2. The movement was initially organized under the leadership of Sadhu Sitaram Das and was later transformed into a structured mass resistance by Vijay Singh Pathik.
3. The revolutionary peasants established an autonomous administrative body known as the 'Uparmal Panch Board' in 1917 to coordinate resistance activities.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

  1. A
    1 and 2 only
  2. B
    2 and 3 only
  3. C
    1 and 3 only
  4. 1, 2 and 3Answer

Answer

All three statements (1, 2, and 3) are correct.
All three statements are historically accurate. The Bijolia Peasant Movement was one of the longest non-violent peasant agitations in Indian state history, lasting from 1897 to 1941 in the Mewar region. It was sparked by 84 distinct feudal cesses (lag-bags). Sadhu Sitaram Das guided its first phase, while Vijay Singh Pathik took over in 1916 and founded the 'Uparmal Panch Board' in 1917 as an autonomous administrative committee.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze Statement 1 regarding the background and location of the movement.
Statement 1 is correct: The Bijolia Peasant Movement (1897–1941) took place in the Bijolia thikana of Mewar Princely State against 84 oppressive feudal cesses (lag-bags) and forced labor.
Establishing the agrarian nature and regional context of the rebellion.
2
Analyze Statement 2 regarding the leadership evolution.
Statement 2 is correct: Sadhu Sitaram Das led the first phase of the movement starting in 1897. Vijay Singh Pathik (Ras Behari Bose's associate originally named Bhup Singh) assumed leadership in 1916.
Verifying the key regional leaders and leadership transition phases.
3
Analyze Statement 3 regarding organizational infrastructure.
Statement 3 is correct: On the day of Hariyali Amavasya in 1917, Vijay Singh Pathik formed the 'Uparmal Panch Board' with Manna Patel as its Sarpanch to run a parallel peasant administration.
Confirming the institutional body created during the agitation.

Key Concept

Bijolia Peasant Movement of Mewar State
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Topics

State History and Historical Movements

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