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Difficulty: MediumCause and Effect Reasoning

Read the following two statements carefully and determine the logical relationship between them:

Statement I: The municipal administration introduced an automated online single-window portal for processing all commercial construction permits.
Statement II: The average turnaround time for issuing commercial building approvals in the city decreased from 90 days to 14 days over a six-month period.

Which of the following statements correctly describes the relationship between Statement I and Statement II?

  1. Statement I is the cause and Statement II is its effect.Answer
  2. B
    Statement II is the cause and Statement I is its effect.
  3. C
    Both Statement I and Statement II are independent causes.
  4. D
    Both Statement I and Statement II are effects of independent causes.
  5. E
    Both Statement I and Statement II are effects of a common cause.

Answer

Statement I is the cause and Statement II is its effect.
The launch of an automated single-window portal removes paper-based bottlenecks and procedural delays. Therefore, the implementation of this system (Statement I) is the direct cause that led to the significant reduction in processing time (Statement II).

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze Statement I
Identifies an administrative reform: the launch of an automated online portal for building permits.
Establishing the nature of the policy or action introduced.
2
Analyze Statement II
Identifies a quantitative operational outcome: a sharp decrease in permit issuance processing times.
Evaluating the observed change in municipal efficiency.
3
Evaluate the causal link
Digitizing and automating the application workflow (Statement I) directly eliminates manual delays, producing the reduction in turnaround time (Statement II).
Determining whether one event logically and temporally leads to the other.

Key Concept

Direct Cause and Effect Relationship
Estimated Time:1m 0s
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Topics

Cause and Effect Reasoning

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