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Difficulty: MediumEnvironmental Issues, Conservation Reports, and Climate Summits

With reference to the Global Methane Pledge, consider the following statements:

1. It was officially launched at the UN Climate Change Conference (COP26) in Glasgow in 2021, jointly led by the United States and the European Union.
2. Participant countries agree to take voluntary actions to contribute to a collective target of reducing global methane emissions by at least 30 percent from 2020 levels by 2030.
3. India is a founding signatory country to this pledge and has accepted binding national reduction targets for agricultural livestock emissions.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  1. 1 and 2 onlyAnswer
  2. B
    2 and 3 only
  3. C
    1 and 3 only
  4. D
    1, 2 and 3

Answer

Statements 1 and 2 are correct, while Statement 3 is incorrect. Therefore, the option specifying '1 and 2 only' is the correct response.
The correct answer identifies that Statements 1 and 2 are accurate while Statement 3 is false. The Global Methane Pledge was launched jointly by the US and the EU at COP26 (Glasgow 2021) to voluntarily reduce global methane emissions by 30% from 2020 levels by 2030. India is not a member of this initiative due to concerns regarding agricultural and livestock emission obligations.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Evaluate Statement 1 regarding the origin and leadership of the Global Methane Pledge.
Statement 1 is correct. The pledge was launched at COP26 in Glasgow (2021) led by the United States and the European Union.
It forms a major multilateral initiative focusing on short-lived climate pollutants.
2
Evaluate Statement 2 regarding the target baseline and emission reduction goal.
Statement 2 is correct. The collective objective is to cut anthropogenic methane emissions by at least 30% from 2020 levels by the year 2030.
Methane has a significantly higher Global Warming Potential (GWP) than carbon dioxide over a 20-year timescale, making rapid reduction critical for near-term warming mitigation.
3
Evaluate Statement 3 regarding India's membership and binding commitments.
Statement 3 is incorrect. India is NOT a signatory to the Global Methane Pledge.
India declined to join because the pledge includes agricultural methane emissions (primarily from paddy cultivation and cattle rearing), which are central to rural livelihoods and food security in India.

Key Concept

Global Methane Pledge commitments and participant country scope
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Topics

Environmental Issues, Conservation Reports, and Climate Summits

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