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Difficulty: HardRise of Indian Nationalism and Early Phase of the Indian National Congress

With reference to the political organizations established prior to the Indian National Congress and the constitutional provisions of the early nationalist phase, consider the following statements:

1. The Indian Association of Calcutta, founded in 1876 by Surendranath Banerjea and Ananda Mohan Bose, convened the All-India National Conference in 1883.
2. The Poona Sarvajanik Sabha, established in 1870, played an active role in mediating between the government and the public by submitting petitions on agrarian distress and constitutional reform.
3. The Indian Councils Act of 1892 granted non-official Indian members the right to vote on the annual budget and move amendments in the legislative councils.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

  1. 1 and 2 onlyAnswer
  2. B
    2 and 3 only
  3. C
    1 and 3 only
  4. D
    1, 2 and 3

Answer

The correct answer includes statements 1 and 2 only.
The option stating '1 and 2 only' is correct because the Indian Association organized the 1883 All-India National Conference as a precursor to the INC, and the Poona Sarvajanik Sabha actively represented agrarian and constitutional grievances. Meanwhile, the Indian Councils Act of 1892 allowed members to discuss the budget, but explicitly barred them from voting on budget provisions or introducing amendments.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze Statement 1 regarding the Indian Association of Calcutta.
The statement is correct. Founded in 1876 by Surendranath Banerjea and Ananda Mohan Bose, the Indian Association aimed to create a strong public opinion on political questions and organized the All-India National Conference in December 1883, which served as a major precursor to the Indian National Congress.
Establishing historical precedents of pre-Congress political mobilization.
2
Analyze Statement 2 regarding the Poona Sarvajanik Sabha.
The statement is correct. Established in 1870 by M.G. Ranade, G.V. Joshi, and others, the Poona Sarvajanik Sabha worked as a mediating body between the government and the people, actively raising issues concerning rural distress, land revenue policies, and legislative representation.
Evaluating regional political organizations in Maharashtra during the 1870s.
3
Analyze Statement 3 regarding the Indian Councils Act of 1892.
The statement is incorrect. While the Indian Councils Act of 1892 expanded the legislative councils and permitted non-official members to discuss the annual financial statement (budget) and ask questions under set conditions, it strictly denied them the right to vote on the budget or propose amendments.
Verifying statutory provisions and limitations of colonial constitutional reforms.

Key Concept

Pre-INC Political Associations and early Constitutional Acts (Indian Councils Act of 1892)
Estimated Time:2m 0s
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Topics

Rise of Indian Nationalism and Early Phase of the Indian National Congress

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