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Difficulty: EasyState Society, Culture, and Heritage

Kalinga temple architecture represents a prominent regional school of temple art and heritage in eastern India. Arrange the following famous heritage temples of Odisha in the correct chronological order of their construction, starting from the earliest built to the latest.

  1. 1Parasurameswara Temple, Bhubaneswar
  2. 2Mukteswara Temple, Bhubaneswar
  3. 3Lingaraja Temple, Bhubaneswar
  4. 4Sun Temple, Konark

Answer

The correct chronological sequence from earliest to latest is Parasurameswara Temple (7th century CE), Mukteswara Temple (10th century CE), Lingaraja Temple (11th century CE), and Sun Temple at Konark (13th century CE).
The correct sequence follows the historical progression of Kalinga architectural styles over six centuries: Parasurameswara Temple (7th century CE, early phase) → Mukteswara Temple (10th century CE, transitional phase) → Lingaraja Temple (11th century CE, mature phase) → Sun Temple at Konark (13th century CE, monumental culmination).

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Determine the era of Parasurameswara Temple
7th century CE (Early Kalinga phase).
Built under the Shailodbhava dynasty, it is one of the oldest surviving stone temples in the region.
2
Determine the era of Mukteswara Temple
10th century CE (Transitional Kalinga phase).
Patronized by the Somavamshi dynasty, it introduced intricate arched gateways (toranas).
3
Determine the era of Lingaraja Temple
11th century CE (Mature Kalinga phase).
Represents the grandest structural peak of Somavamshi temple construction in Bhubaneswar.
4
Determine the era of Sun Temple at Konark
13th century CE (Late/Culmination Kalinga phase).
Commissioned by Eastern Ganga King Narasimhadeva I as a monumental chariot temple.

Key Concept

Chronological evolution of Kalinga temple architecture and state heritage
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Topics

State Society, Culture, and Heritage

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