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Question

Difficulty: MediumInternational Environmental Conventions, Protocols and Agreements

Which of the following represents the correct chronological sequence of adoption (from earliest to latest) for these major international environmental agreements?

  1. 1CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora)
  2. 2Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal
  3. 3Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety
  4. 4Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and Benefit-Sharing

Answer

The correct chronological order of adoption from earliest to latest is: CITES (1973), Basel Convention (1989), Cartagena Protocol (2000), and Nagoya Protocol (2010).
The correct sequence places CITES first (adopted in 1973), followed by the Basel Convention (adopted in 1989), then the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety (adopted in 2000), and finally the Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit-Sharing (adopted in 2010).

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Determine the adoption year of CITES.
CITES was adopted in 1973 in Washington, D.C.
This is the earliest convention among the given options.
2
Determine the adoption year of the Basel Convention.
The Basel Convention was adopted in 1989.
It addresses transboundary hazardous waste and follows CITES chronologically.
3
Determine the adoption year of the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety.
The Cartagena Protocol was adopted in 2000.
It serves as the first supplementary agreement to the Convention on Biological Diversity regarding biosafety.
4
Determine the adoption year of the Nagoya Protocol.
The Nagoya Protocol was adopted in 2010.
It is the second supplementary protocol to the CBD, adopted a decade after the Cartagena Protocol.

Key Concept

Chronology of major multilateral environmental treaties and protocols
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Topics

International Environmental Conventions, Protocols and Agreements