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Difficulty: EasyStatement and Conclusions or Inferences

Consider the provided statements and the conclusions that follow.

Statements:
1. The City Council has mandated that all public libraries in the district must remain open until 8 PM on weekdays to increase accessibility for working professionals.
2. The Central Library is a public library located within this district.

Conclusions:
I. The Central Library will remain open until 8 PM on weekdays.
II. Working professionals in the district will definitely visit the Central Library more often.

Based on the statements, which of the following conclusions logically follows?

  1. Only conclusion I followsAnswer
  2. B
    Only conclusion II follows
  3. C
    Both conclusion I and conclusion II follow
  4. D
    Neither conclusion I nor conclusion II follows

Answer

Only conclusion I follows logically from the given statements.
The correct response is that only the first conclusion follows. Statement 1 sets a rule for all public libraries in the district. Statement 2 confirms the Central Library is one of those libraries. Therefore, by direct deduction, the Central Library must follow the rule and remain open until 8 PM. Conclusion II is an unwarranted assumption because providing an opportunity (accessibility) does not guarantee an action (definitely visiting more often).

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the scope of the first statement.
The first statement establishes a universal rule for a specific group: 'all public libraries in the district' must stay open until 8 PM.
Identifying universal conditions is necessary to determine if subsequent specific cases fall under the rule.
2
Evaluate Conclusion I against the statements.
Statement 2 confirms the Central Library belongs to the group 'public libraries in the district'. Therefore, the rule from Statement 1 applies to it. Conclusion I logically follows.
This is a direct application of categorical syllogism (All A are B; X is A; therefore X is B).
3
Evaluate Conclusion II against the statements.
The statements mention the mandate's goal is 'to increase accessibility', but they do not state that professionals will 'definitely visit' more often. Conclusion II introduces an unstated guarantee. It does not follow.
Conclusions must be drawn strictly from the facts provided, without assuming behavioral outcomes or real-world probabilities.

Key Concept

Statement and Conclusions or Inferences
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Topics

Statement and Conclusions or Inferences

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