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Difficulty: MediumFundamental Rights, Directive Principles, and Fundamental Duties

Which of the following statements regarding the Directive Principles of State Policy (Part IV) and Fundamental Duties (Part IV-A) of the Constitution of India are correct?

  1. Article 43A was inserted by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1976, to secure the participation of workers in the management of undertakings and industrial establishments.Answer
  2. B
    The duty of a parent or guardian to provide educational opportunities to their child aged 6 to 14 years was part of the original ten Fundamental Duties introduced under Article 51A in 1976.
  3. Article 48A directs the State to protect and improve the environment and to safeguard the forests and wildlife of the country.Answer
  4. D
    Citizens can directly approach the Supreme Court under Article 32 for the judicial enforcement of any Fundamental Duty listed in Article 51A.

Answer

The correct statements are that Article 43A (worker participation in industrial management) and Article 48A (protection of environment, forests, and wildlife) were added to the Directive Principles of State Policy by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1976.
The statements confirming Article 43A (workers' participation in industrial management) and Article 48A (protection of environment and wildlife) are correct because both provisions were added to Part IV of the Constitution under the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1976.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze provisions added to Part IV by constitutional amendments
Identify that Article 43A (participation of workers in management) and Article 48A (environmental protection) were both enacted through the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act of 1976.
Verifies the historic amendment context for socialist and environmental Directive Principles.
2
Evaluate the timeline of Fundamental Duties under Article 51A
Recognize that the 42nd Amendment (1976) introduced 10 duties recommended by the Swaran Singh Committee, while the 11th duty regarding children's education was introduced by the 86th Amendment in 2002.
Distinguishes between the original set of duties added in 1976 and subsequent additions.
3
Assess the judicial enforceability of Part IV-A duties under Article 32 writ jurisdiction
Conclude that Fundamental Duties lack direct enforceability under Article 32 because Part III writ jurisdiction only applies to Fundamental Rights.
Prevents confusion between fundamental constitutional rights and non-justiciable civic obligations.

Key Concept

Constitutional Amendments to Part IV (DPSPs) and Nature of Part IV-A (Fundamental Duties)
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Topics

Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles, and Fundamental Duties

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