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Question

Difficulty: MediumConstitutional Development, Framing, and Preamble

With reference to the Government of India Act of 1919 (Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms), consider the following statements:

1. It introduced dyarchy at the Central executive level by dividing central subjects into reserved and transferred categories.
2. It established for the first time a bicameral legislature at the Centre, consisting of a Council of State and a Legislative Assembly.
3. It provided for the establishment of a Public Service Commission, which led to the setting up of the Central Public Service Commission in 1926.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

  1. A
    1 and 2 only
  2. 2 and 3 onlyAnswer
  3. C
    1 and 3 only
  4. D
    1, 2 and 3

Answer

The correct answer is the option stating that statements 2 and 3 only are correct.
The Government of India Act of 1919 introduced bicameralism at the Centre (Council of State and Legislative Assembly) and provided for a Public Service Commission, which was set up in 1926. Dyarchy was introduced at the provincial level under this Act, not at the Central level.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Evaluate Statement 1 regarding dyarchy under the Government of India Act of 1919.
Statement 1 is incorrect.
The Government of India Act of 1919 introduced dyarchy in the provinces (dividing provincial subjects into transferred and reserved categories), whereas dyarchy at the Centre was envisaged under the Government of India Act of 1935.
2
Evaluate Statement 2 regarding Central Legislature structure under the 1919 Act.
Statement 2 is correct.
The 1919 Act replaced the Indian Legislative Council with a bicameral legislature at the Centre comprising the Council of State (Upper House) and the Legislative Assembly (Lower House).
3
Evaluate Statement 3 regarding the Public Service Commission provision under the 1919 Act.
Statement 3 is correct.
Section 96C of the Government of India Act of 1919 provided for the establishment of a Public Service Commission in India, which was subsequently established in 1926 following recommendations of the Lee Commission (1923-24).

Key Concept

Government of India Act 1919 provisions (Bicameralism at Centre, Provincial Dyarchy, Public Service Commission)
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Topics

Constitutional Development, Framing, and Preamble

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