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Question

Difficulty: MediumRevolutionary Movements, Left-Wing Currents, and the Indian National Army

Which of the following statements regarding the Hindustan Republican Association (HRA) established during the 1920s are correct?

  1. It was founded in Kanpur in October 1924 by revolutionary leaders including Sachindra Nath Sanyal, Ram Prasad Bismil, and Jogesh Chandra Chatterji.Answer
  2. Its official manifesto, titled 'The Revolutionary', proclaimed the goal of establishing a Federal Republic of the United States of India.Answer
  3. C
    The organization completely disbanded after the Kakori trial and was never revived or restructured under any new ideology.
  4. D
    It functioned as an officially recognized armed wing of the Indian National Congress during the Non-Cooperation Movement.

Answer

The statements confirming its founding at Kanpur in October 1924 by Sachindra Nath Sanyal and others, and its manifesto 'The Revolutionary' aiming for a Federal Republic of the United States of India, are correct.
The statements asserting that the HRA was founded in Kanpur in October 1924 by Sachindra Nath Sanyal, Ram Prasad Bismil, and Jogesh Chandra Chatterji, and that its manifesto 'The Revolutionary' declared the objective of establishing a Federal Republic of the United States of India, accurately capture the founding details and political vision of the movement.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Evaluate the founding origins and key architects of the HRA.
Confirm that the Hindustan Republican Association was established in Kanpur in October 1924 by leaders such as Sachindra Nath Sanyal, Ram Prasad Bismil, and Jogesh Chandra Chatterji.
This establishes historical accuracy regarding its founding context.
2
Examine the programmatic manifesto and constitutional objective of the HRA.
Confirm that its manifesto, 'The Revolutionary' (authored by Sachindra Nath Sanyal in 1925), advocated for an end to colonial rule and proposed a Federal Republic of the United States of India.
The manifesto outlined both political goals and democratic principles like universal suffrage.
3
Analyze the subsequent trajectory and organization of the HRA after Kakori.
Recognize that despite major setbacks during the Kakori trial, the HRA evolved into the HSRA in 1928 rather than disbanding, and was independent of the Indian National Congress.
Differentiates revolutionary organizations from non-violent Congress leadership and identifies the 1928 Feroz Shah Kotla reorganization.

Key Concept

Hindustan Republican Association (HRA) founding, ideology, and manifesto
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Topics

Revolutionary Movements, Left-Wing Currents, and the Indian National Army