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Difficulty: EasyCause and Effect Reasoning

Given below are two statements marked as Statement I and Statement II. Read both statements carefully and mark your answer according to the given options.

Statement I: The city experienced an unprecedented heatwave with daily temperatures exceeding 45°C for five consecutive days.
Statement II: Electricity demand across the city recorded a massive surge, leading to temporary overloads in several local distribution grids.

Which of the following options correctly describes the logical relationship between Statement I and Statement II?

  1. Statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect.Answer
  2. B
    Statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect.
  3. C
    Both statements I and II are independent causes.
  4. D
    Both statements I and II are effects of independent causes.
  5. E
    Both statements I and II are effects of some common cause.

Answer

Statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect.
Prolonged extreme summer temperatures force residents and commercial establishments to operate cooling equipment at maximum capacity. This widespread behavior directly creates a heavy load on the electrical infrastructure, resulting in a spike in power demand. Hence, the heatwave is the direct cause, and the surge in electricity consumption is its logical effect.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze Statement I
Statement I describes an environmental condition: an extreme summer heatwave.
Establishing the initial condition helps determine whether it serves as an event trigger or an outcome.
2
Analyze Statement II
Statement II describes a infrastructure response: a spike in citywide electricity demand leading to power grid stress.
Identifying the nature of the second event allows evaluating its connection to the first event.
3
Determine the logical sequence and causal link
Extreme ambient heat causes widespread, prolonged usage of air conditioners and cooling devices, directly driving the surge in power consumption.
Statement I logically precedes and directly accounts for the phenomenon observed in Statement II.

Key Concept

Cause and Effect Reasoning
Estimated Time:45s
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Topics

Cause and Effect Reasoning

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