Arrange the following key global environmental conventions, treaties, and summit decisions in chronological order of their adoption or launch, from earliest to latest:
- 1Adoption of the Minamata Convention on Mercury
- 2Adoption of the Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol
- 3Formal adoption of the High Seas Treaty (BBNJ Agreement)
- 4Operationalization of the Loss and Damage Fund at UNFCCC COP28
Answer
The correct chronological sequence from earliest to latest is: Adoption of the Minamata Convention on Mercury (October 2013), Adoption of the Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol (October 2016), Formal adoption of the High Seas Treaty (BBNJ Agreement) (June 2023), and Operationalization of the Loss and Damage Fund at UNFCCC COP28 (November 2023).
The correct chronological arrangement follows the historical timeline of global environmental governance: the Minamata Convention on Mercury was adopted in October 2013, followed by the Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol in October 2016, the adoption of the High Seas Treaty (BBNJ Agreement) in June 2023, and finally the operationalization of the Loss and Damage Fund at UNFCCC COP28 in Dubai in November 2023.
Step-by-Step Solution
Key Concept
Chronological timeline of international environmental treaties, global conventions, and climate summit milestones