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Difficulty: MediumHuman Physiology, Health, and Diseases

Which of the following statements regarding human infectious diseases, their causative pathogens, and transmission mechanisms are correct?

  1. Cholera is an acute diarrheal disease caused by ingestion of food or water contaminated with the bacterium Vibrio cholerae.Answer
  2. Hepatitis B is a viral infection that primarily targets and causes inflammation of the human liver.Answer
  3. C
    Malaria is a protozoan infection transmitted to humans through the bite of infected female Aedes mosquitoes.
  4. Ringworm is a contagious dermatological infection caused by microscopic dermatophytic fungi.Answer

Answer

The correct statements are those identifying Cholera as a bacterial infection, Hepatitis B as a viral liver disease, and Ringworm as a fungal skin infection.
The statements confirming Cholera as a bacterial illness, Hepatitis B as a viral liver infection, and Ringworm as a fungal dermatological condition are scientifically accurate. The assertion regarding Malaria is false because female Anopheles mosquitoes serve as the biological vector for Malaria transmission, whereas Aedes mosquitoes transmit viral infections like Dengue and Yellow Fever.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the statement regarding Cholera etiology.
Cholera is caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. The statement is correct.
Vibrio cholerae is an established bacterial pathogen causing severe watery diarrhea.
2
Evaluate the statement regarding Hepatitis B pathobiology.
Hepatitis B is caused by HBV, a virus attacking hepatic tissue. The statement is correct.
Hepatitis B is classified as a viral hepatitis strain infecting hepatocytes.
3
Examine the vector mechanism described for Malaria transmission.
Malaria parasite Plasmodium is carried by female Anopheles mosquitoes, not Aedes. The statement is incorrect.
Confusing Anopheles and Aedes mosquito vectors is a common epidemiological error; Aedes transmits arboviruses.
4
Assess the causative agent for Ringworm.
Ringworm (tinea) is caused by fungal dermatophytes. The statement is correct.
The name ringworm is a misnomer for fungal skin lesions.

Key Concept

Classification of Human Infectious Pathogens and Biological Vectors
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Topics

Human Physiology, Health, and Diseases

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