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Difficulty: HardState History and Historical Movements

With reference to the historic Bijolia Peasant Movement in regional state history, consider the following statements:

1. It was a prolonged non-violent agrarian struggle against 84 types of arbitrary cesses (lags) and forced labor (begar) imposed by the jagirdars of the Mewar princely state.
2. Vijay Singh Pathik assumed leadership during its second phase and popularized the movement at the national level through Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi's newspaper 'Pratap'.
3. The movement concluded permanently in 1922 when the British Agent to the Governor-General (AGG) revoked all feudal taxes across the region.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

  1. 1 and 2 onlyAnswer
  2. B
    2 and 3 only
  3. C
    1 and 3 only
  4. D
    1, 2 and 3

Answer

Statements 1 and 2 are correct, whereas Statement 3 is incorrect because the Bijolia Peasant Movement continued until 1941.
The correct response identifies statements 1 and 2 as accurate while recognizing statement 3 as false. The Bijolia struggle originated against 84 arbitrary cesses and forced labor in Mewar, and Vijay Singh Pathik mobilized national support through the newspaper 'Pratap'. Statement 3 is false because the movement did not end in 1922; it continued intermittently until 1941.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Examine Statement 1 regarding the root causes of the movement.
Statement 1 is correct. Initiated in 1897 in the Mewar state, the struggle targeted 84 oppressive local cesses (lag-bags) and forced labor (begar).
Exorbitant agrarian levies imposed by the local jagirdar sparked the long-term uprising.
2
Examine Statement 2 regarding key leadership and publicity.
Statement 2 is correct. Vijay Singh Pathik organized the movement starting around 1916 and connected it to national leaders using Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi's Kanpur-based publication 'Pratap'.
Pathik transformed a local dispute into a prominent national freedom movement.
3
Examine Statement 3 regarding the timeline and conclusion.
Statement 3 is incorrect. Agent to the Governor-General (AGG) Robert Holland negotiated a reduction of 35 cesses in 1922, but non-compliance by feudal authorities restarted the agitation, which lasted until 1941.
The 1922 agreement was a temporary truce rather than the final end of the movement.

Key Concept

Bijolia Peasant Movement (1897–1941) in Regional State History
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Topics

State History and Historical Movements

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