Question

Difficulty: HardSocio-Religious Reform Movements of the 19th and 20th Centuries

Match the prominent 19th-century socio-religious reformers in List I with their corresponding literary contributions or reform initiatives in List II.

  • Kandukuri VeeresalingamFounded the journal 'Vivekavardhini' to crusade against child marriage, caste oppression, and religious orthodoxy in Andhra.
  • Gopal Hari Deshmukh ('Lokahitawadi')Authored the series of reformist essays titled 'Shatapatre' in the weekly newspaper 'Prabhakar'.
  • Behramji M. MalabariEdited the 'Indian Spectator' and spearheaded the legislative campaign leading to the Age of Consent Act of 1891.
  • Pandita RamabaiEstablished the 'Sharada Sadan' in Bombay to provide shelter and education to young Hindu widows.

Answer

Kandukuri Veeresalingam corresponds to founding the journal 'Vivekavardhini'; Gopal Hari Deshmukh ('Lokahitawadi') corresponds to authoring 'Shatapatre' in 'Prabhakar'; Behramji M. Malabari corresponds to editing the 'Indian Spectator' and campaigning for the Age of Consent Act of 1891; Pandita Ramabai corresponds to establishing 'Sharada Sadan' for young Hindu widows.
Each reformer is accurately paired with their respective historical contribution: Kandukuri Veeresalingam with 'Vivekavardhini', Gopal Hari Deshmukh ('Lokahitawadi') with 'Shatapatre' in 'Prabhakar', Behramji M. Malabari with the 'Indian Spectator' and the 1891 Age of Consent Act campaign, and Pandita Ramabai with 'Sharada Sadan'.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the primary contribution of Kandukuri Veeresalingam.
Kandukuri Veeresalingam was a pioneer of the renaissance in Telugu literature and social reform, known for starting the journal 'Vivekavardhini' to advocate widow remarriage and fight orthodoxy in South India.
Matching leader to regional publication.
2
Identify the work of Gopal Hari Deshmukh ('Lokahitawadi').
Writing in Western India, Lokahitawadi penned 108 reformist essays known as 'Shatapatre' in the weekly 'Prabhakar'.
Matching leader to famous reformist essays.
3
Identify the legislative reform associated with Behramji M. Malabari.
Malabari edited the 'Indian Spectator' and relentlessly campaigned against child marriage, culminating in the passing of the Age of Consent Act in 1891.
Matching leader to legislative campaign.
4
Identify the organization established by Pandita Ramabai.
Pandita Ramabai founded the 'Sharada Sadan' in Bombay in 1889 to provide educational opportunities and refuge to young Hindu widows.
Matching reformer to institutional foundation.

Key Concept

Key Reformers, Journals, and Organizations of the 19th-Century Socio-Religious Renaissance
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