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Difficulty: Very hardState History and Historical Movements

Consider the following statements regarding the Paika Rebellion of 1817 in Odisha:

1. It was led by Bakshi Jagabandhu Bidyadhara, the military chief of the King of Khurda.
2. The primary immediate causes of the rebellion included the oppressive land revenue system and extortionate salt duty policies imposed by the British East India Company.
3. The Paikas were the traditional landed militia of Odisha who rendered military services to the state in return for rent-free land tenure.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

  1. 1, 2, and 3Answer
  2. B
    1 and 2 only
  3. C
    2 and 3 only
  4. D
    1 and 3 only

Answer

Statements 1, 2, and 3 are all correct.
All three statements accurately describe the Paika Rebellion of 1817 in Odisha. Bakshi Jagabandhu led the traditional landed militia (Paikas) against British East India Company policies including exorbitant land revenue demands, abolition of cowrie currency, and monopolies on salt production.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze Statement 1 regarding the leadership of the Paika Rebellion.
Statement 1 is correct: Bakshi Jagabandhu Bidyadhara, the military commander (Bakshi) of the King of Khurda, organized and led the Paika Rebellion in 1817.
Establishing the historical leadership of the movement.
2
Analyze Statement 2 regarding the colonial policy causes of the uprising.
Statement 2 is correct: The East India Company's conquest of Khurda led to harsh revenue settlements, currency destabilization, and salt monopolies, which triggered widespread discontent.
Identifying the administrative and economic drivers behind the revolt.
3
Analyze Statement 3 regarding the socio-military organization of the Paikas.
Statement 3 is correct: Paikas were the traditional peasant-militia of Odisha who provided policing and military services in return for rent-free lands (Nish-kar Jagirs).
Defining the traditional land-tenure and military system of the Paika community.
4
Synthesize statement evaluations to select the correct combination option.
Since statements 1, 2, and 3 are all historically accurate, the option incorporating all three is correct.
Determining overall statement validity.

Key Concept

Paika Rebellion of 1817 and regional state anti-colonial movements
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Topics

State History and Historical Movements

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