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Difficulty: MediumHuman Physiology, Health, and Diseases

Consider the following statements regarding certain human infectious diseases and their causative organisms:

1. Japanese Encephalitis is a viral infection transmitted to humans predominantly by vector mosquitoes belonging to the genus *Culex*.
2. Typhoid fever is a acute viral infection caused by the pathogen *Salmonella typhi*.
3. Lymphatic Filariasis is caused by parasitic filarial worms transmitted through mosquito bites.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  1. 1 and 3 onlyAnswer
  2. B
    1 and 2 only
  3. C
    2 and 3 only
  4. D
    1, 2 and 3

Answer

1 and 3 only
The correct combination includes statements 1 and 3. Japanese Encephalitis is a viral encephalitic disease transmitted by *Culex* mosquitoes, and Lymphatic Filariasis is a parasitic worm infection transmitted by vector mosquitoes. Statement 2 is false because Typhoid fever is a bacterial disease caused by *Salmonella typhi*.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Evaluate Statement 1 regarding Japanese Encephalitis
Statement 1 is correct. Japanese Encephalitis is caused by the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), a flavivirus, and is transmitted to humans by bites from infected mosquitoes, primarily *Culex tritaeniorhynchus*.
Verify the pathogen category (virus) and vector group (*Culex* mosquito).
2
Evaluate Statement 2 regarding Typhoid fever
Statement 2 is incorrect. Typhoid fever is caused by the bacterium *Salmonella enterica* serovar Typhi (*Salmonella typhi*), not a virus.
Identify the biological nature of the causative microorganism (bacterium vs virus).
3
Evaluate Statement 3 regarding Lymphatic Filariasis
Statement 3 is correct. Lymphatic Filariasis (commonly known as elephantiasis) is caused by microscopic, thread-like parasitic nematodes (such as *Wuchereria bancrofti*) transmitted by mosquitoes.
Verify the etiology of filariasis as a parasitic helminthic disease spread via mosquito vectors.

Key Concept

Etiology and Vector Transmission of Infectious Human Diseases
Estimated Time:1m 0s
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Topics

Human Physiology, Health, and Diseases

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