Examkin

Question

Difficulty: MediumPlant Science and Agricultural Technology

Match List-I (Plant Biotechnology Techniques) with List-II (Primary Biological Objective or Application) and select the correct matching pairs.

  • Meristem tip cultureEradication of systemic plant viruses to produce disease-free planting material
  • Anther cultureDevelopment of haploid plants and immediate homozygous lines for crop breeding
  • Protoplast fusionGeneration of somatic hybrids between sexually incompatible crop species
  • Embryo rescueOvercoming post-zygotic seed abortion in wide interspecific hybridization

Answer

Meristem tip culture matches with eradication of systemic plant viruses; Anther culture matches with development of haploid plants and immediate homozygous lines; Protoplast fusion matches with generation of somatic hybrids between sexually incompatible crop species; Embryo rescue matches with overcoming post-zygotic seed abortion in wide interspecific hybridization.
Each plant biotechnology technique targets a specific physiological barrier or breeding objective: Meristem tip culture leverages virus-free apical cells; Anther culture utilizes haploid gametocytes for rapid homozygosity; Protoplast fusion bypasses sexual hybridization barriers via somatic cell fusion; Embryo rescue prevents hybrid embryo breakdown due to endosperm incompatibility.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze Meristem tip culture
Meristematic cells divide faster than viral replication rates and lack functional vascular connection (phloem), making them ideal for virus eradication.
Identify the primary agronomic benefit of shoot apical meristem culture.
2
Analyze Anther culture
Microspores contained in anthers are haploid (nn). Culturing them produces haploid plants which can be doubled to produce dihaploid homozygous lines.
Link male gametophytic tissue culture with rapid haploid breeding.
3
Analyze Protoplast fusion
Removing cell walls produces naked protoplasts that can be fused chemically (PEG) or electrically to form somatic hybrids.
Bypass sexual incompatibility barriers at the somatic cell level.
4
Analyze Embryo rescue
In interspecific crosses, endosperm often fails to develop, causing embryo breakdown. Excision and in vitro culture saves the hybrid embryo.
Resolve post-zygotic barriers in wide hybridization.

Key Concept

Plant tissue culture techniques and their biotechnological applications in crop improvement
Rate this question

Topics

Plant Science and Agricultural Technology

More questions from this topic