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Difficulty: HardState Society, Culture, and Heritage

Consider the following statements regarding the intangible cultural heritage and traditional performing arts of Kerala:

1. 'Mudiyettu' is a traditional ritual dance-drama depicting the mythological battle between the goddess Kali and the demon Darika.
2. 'Theyyam' is a popular ritual worship dance incorporating elaborate costumes and headgear, practiced primarily in the North Malabar region.
3. 'Koodiyattam' is a UNESCO-recognized Sanskrit theatre tradition performed exclusively as a folk dance during the annual harvest festival of Onam.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  1. 1 and 2 onlyAnswer
  2. B
    2 and 3 only
  3. C
    1 and 3 only
  4. D
    1, 2 and 3

Answer

Statements 1 and 2 only are correct.
Mudiyettu is a ritual dance-drama of Kerala portraying the slaying of the demon Darika by Goddess Kali. Theyyam is an ancient ritual art form native to North Malabar. Koodiyattam, while a UNESCO-recognized art form, is classical Sanskrit temple theatre performed in Koothambalams, not a folk dance associated with Onam.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze Statement 1 regarding Mudiyettu
Mudiyettu is an authentic ritual theatre performance of Kerala centered around the combat between Goddess Kali and Darika, inscribed in UNESCO's Representative List of Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2010. Statement 1 is correct.
Verifying the mythological narrative and ritual context of Mudiyettu.
2
Analyze Statement 2 regarding Theyyam
Theyyam (or Kaliyattam) is a ritualistic worship art form prevalent in North Malabar (Kannur, Kasaragod, and parts of Kozhikode districts) characterized by sacred dance, heavy face paint, and massive ornamental headgear. Statement 2 is correct.
Verifying the geographic area and visual features of Theyyam.
3
Analyze Statement 3 regarding Koodiyattam
Koodiyattam is India's oldest surviving Sanskrit theatre tradition, officially recognized by UNESCO in 2001. It is traditionally performed in dedicated temple theatres called 'Koothambalams' across extended multi-day schedules, not as a folk harvest dance limited to Onam. Statement 3 is incorrect.
Distinguishing temple drama traditions from folk festival dances.

Key Concept

Performing Arts Heritage and Intangible Cultural Heritage of Kerala
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Topics

State Society, Culture, and Heritage

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