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Difficulty: HardHuman Physiology, Health, and Diseases

Consider the following statements regarding vector-borne human diseases:

1. Kala-azar (Visceral Leishmaniasis) is caused by a protozoan parasite and is transmitted to humans through the bite of infected female sandflies.
2. Lymphatic Filariasis (Elephantiasis) is a viral disease primarily transmitted by the bite of Aedes mosquitoes.
3. Japanese Encephalitis is an acute bacterial infection transmitted to humans by Culex mosquitoes.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  1. 1 onlyAnswer
  2. B
    1 and 2 only
  3. C
    2 and 3 only
  4. D
    1, 2 and 3

Answer

1 only
The option stating '1 only' is correct because statement 1 accurately identifies Kala-azar as a protozoan disease transmitted by sandflies. Statement 2 incorrectly terms Lymphatic Filariasis a viral infection (it is caused by parasitic filarial worms), and statement 3 incorrectly terms Japanese Encephalitis a bacterial infection (it is caused by a virus).

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Evaluate Statement 1 regarding Kala-azar
Statement 1 is correct.
Kala-azar (Visceral Leishmaniasis) is caused by the protozoan parasite Leishmania donovani and is transmitted through the bite of infected female Phlebotomine sandflies.
2
Evaluate Statement 2 regarding Lymphatic Filariasis
Statement 2 is incorrect.
Lymphatic Filariasis is caused by microscopic filarial nematode worms (helminths such as Wuchereria bancrofti), not viruses. It is primarily transmitted by mosquitoes of the genus Culex.
3
Evaluate Statement 3 regarding Japanese Encephalitis
Statement 3 is incorrect.
Japanese Encephalitis is caused by the Japanese Encephalitis Virus (JEV), a flavivirus, rather than a bacterial pathogen, although it is indeed transmitted by Culex mosquitoes.

Key Concept

Etiology and Vector Differentiation of Infectious Human Diseases
Estimated Time:1m 30s
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Topics

Human Physiology, Health, and Diseases

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