Question

Difficulty: HardPassage Assumptions and Underlying Premises

Read the following passage carefully:

To check distress sales of perishable produce and reduce reliance on unorganized informal lenders during post-harvest gluts, several state agricultural marketing boards have initiated a pilot scheme establishing solar-powered micro-warehouses managed by local Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs). Under this framework, smallholder farmers depositing their harvest receive negotiable digital warehouse receipts. These receipts can be instantly pledged on an integrated banking portal to secure short-term operational credit at subsidized interest rates, allowing farmers to delay sales until market prices stabilize. Promoters argue that this institutional mechanism directly strengthens farmers' bargaining power and eliminates distress liquidation. However, agricultural economists point out that the financial viability of this model hinges on the continuous accuracy of digital quality-grading sensors and the physical security of decentralized storage structures. If quality degradation occurs undetected within micro-warehouses or if warehouse receipts are issued against compromised stock, lending institutions face severe default risks. Consequently, without robust third-party verification protocols and localized insurance coverage against post-harvest storage losses, commercial banks will remain reluctant to disburse credit against micro-warehouse receipts.

Based on the passage above, evaluate whether the following claim represents an essential underlying assumption made by the author:

Statement: The primary factor forcing smallholder farmers into distress sales during post-harvest gluts is an immediate liquidity requirement that cannot be adequately met through existing formal financial channels.

Answer: Answer

Answer

The statement is TRUE. It correctly identifies a foundational assumption required for the author's argument and proposed policy intervention to hold.
The statement is TRUE because it articulates an indispensable implicit premise supporting the passage. The proposed policy intervention (pledging micro-warehouse receipts for short-term bank credit) aims specifically to stop post-harvest distress sales. For this intervention to logically function as a solution, the author must assume that distress sales are caused by immediate cash needs that formal financial channels currently fail to fulfill.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the main argument and proposed intervention in the passage
The passage outlines a scheme where farmers pledge digital warehouse receipts to obtain short-term bank credit, enabling them to withhold produce until prices recover and avoid distress sales.
Identifying the core mechanism helps isolate what unstated baseline conditions must exist for the solution to work.
2
Apply the Negation Test to the statement
Negate the claim: 'Smallholder farmers' distress sales are not driven by immediate liquidity needs unserved by formal financial channels.' If this negated statement were true, providing short-term credit through banks would not deter farmers from selling immediately.
If negating a premise invalidates the central argument, that premise is a necessary underlying assumption.
3
Evaluate premise necessity and logical connection
Since the scheme relies entirely on credit provision to eliminate distress sales, the author necessarily assumes that urgent, unserviced liquidity demands are the root driver forcing immediate sales.
Confirms that the claim functions as an indispensable implicit premise.

Key Concept

Passage Assumptions and Underlying Premises
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