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Difficulty: MediumHuman Physiology, Health, and Diseases

Consider the following statements regarding human infectious diseases, their biological pathogens, and transmission vectors:

1. Dengue fever is caused by a flavivirus and is transmitted primarily by the female Aedes aegyptiAedes\ aegypti mosquito.
2. Bubonic plague is caused by a protozoan parasite and is transmitted to humans by sandflies.
3. Trachoma, a leading infectious cause of preventable blindness, is caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatisChlamydia\ trachomatis.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  1. A
    1 and 2 only
  2. 1 and 3 onlyAnswer
  3. C
    2 and 3 only
  4. D
    1, 2 and 3

Answer

1 and 3 only
The statements asserting that Dengue fever is viral (transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes) and Trachoma is bacterial (caused by Chlamydia trachomatis) are scientifically accurate. The statement regarding plague is incorrect because plague is bacterial (Yersinia pestis) and flea-borne, not protozoan or sandfly-borne.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Evaluate Statement 1 regarding Dengue fever
Statement 1 is correct. Dengue fever is an arboviral infection caused by a virus of the Flaviviridae family and transmitted by female Aedes aegypti mosquitoes.
Accurate identification of pathogen type (virus) and vector (Aedes mosquito).
2
Evaluate Statement 2 regarding Bubonic plague
Statement 2 is incorrect. Bubonic plague is caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Yersinia pestis, not a protozoan parasite. Its primary vector is the Oriental rat flea (Xenopsylla cheopis), not sandflies.
Correction of pathogen classification (bacterium instead of protozoan) and vector (rat flea instead of sandfly).
3
Evaluate Statement 3 regarding Trachoma
Statement 3 is correct. Trachoma is a contagious bacterial eye infection caused by Chlamydia trachomatis that leads to irreversible blindness if untreated.
Accurate identification of etiology and agent for trachoma.

Key Concept

Classification of infectious human diseases by pathogen type (viral, bacterial, protozoan) and vectors.
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Topics

Human Physiology, Health, and Diseases

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