Question

Difficulty: HardAdjusting Margins in Ice and Snow

You are driving on an ungritted single carriageway covered in compacted snow and ice. As you approach a queue of stationary traffic on a slight downhill gradient, which driving action should you take to maintain adequate safety margins and stop safely?

  1. A
    Allow five times the normal thinking distance while keeping standard dry-weather braking points.
  2. B
    Double your standard dry-weather following distance and apply continuous, firm footbrake pressure on approach.
  3. Begin slowing down significantly earlier than usual using smooth, gentle control inputs, allowing up to ten times the normal stopping distance.Answer
  4. D
    Maintain your normal approach speed until close to the queue, then pump the footbrake vigorously to activate the anti-lock braking system.

Answer

Begin slowing down significantly earlier than usual using smooth, gentle control inputs, allowing up to ten times the normal stopping distance.
On compacted snow and ice, tyre grip is severely compromised, meaning overall stopping distances can increase by up to ten times compared to normal dry roads. When approaching stationary traffic—especially on a downhill gradient—drivers must anticipate far ahead, begin slowing down much earlier, and use light, progressive control inputs to avoid skidding and maintain an adequate safety margin.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Assess the severe reduction in tyre grip caused by compacted snow and ice on a downhill slope.
Identify that stopping distances can increase by up to ten times compared to dry road conditions.
Compacted ice provides minimal friction, requiring a substantial increase in safety margins and stopping space.
2
Adjust speed and deceleration well before reaching the stationary queue.
Vehicle speed decreases progressively without locking the wheels or losing directional stability.
Early, gentle deceleration using engine braking and light pedal pressure prevents the onset of skidding.
3
Maintain an extended stopping buffer throughout the entire approach.
The vehicle is brought to a complete standstill smoothly with a safe space margin behind the queue.
Allowing up to ten times the normal distance provides the necessary safety margin to halt safely.

Key Concept

Adjusting safety margins and braking technique on ice and snow
Estimated Time:1m 30s
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