Question

Difficulty: MediumAdjusting Margins in Ice and Snow

A car is travelling at 20 mph20\text{ mph} along an ungritted side street covered with packed ice and snow. In normal dry conditions, the average total stopping distance at 20 mph20\text{ mph} is 12 metres12\text{ metres}. According to The Highway Code, stopping distances on icy surfaces can increase by up to ten times (10×10\times). By how many metres does the total stopping distance increase when stopping on ice compared to normal dry conditions at this speed?

Answer: 108 metres

Answer

The total stopping distance increases by 108 metres108\text{ metres}.
According to The Highway Code, stopping distances in icy conditions can be up to ten times longer than on dry roads. At 20 mph20\text{ mph}, the standard dry stopping distance is 12 metres12\text{ metres}, meaning the stopping distance on ice can reach 12 m×10=120 metres12\text{ m} \times 10 = 120\text{ metres}. The increase over dry tarmac is therefore 120 m−12 m=108 metres120\text{ m} - 12\text{ m} = 108\text{ metres} (or 12 m×9=108 m12\text{ m} \times 9 = 108\text{ m}).

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Calculate the total stopping distance on ice
12 m×10=120 m12\text{ m} \times 10 = 120\text{ m}
The Highway Code states that overall stopping distances can increase by up to ten times on ice and snow.
2
Subtract the dry stopping distance from the icy stopping distance to find the increase
120 m−12 m=108 m120\text{ m} - 12\text{ m} = 108\text{ m}
The question asks for the additional distance (the increase) rather than the total stopping distance on ice.

Key Concept

Highway Code stopping distance multipliers for ice and snow
Estimated Time:1m 0s
Rate this question