A -year-old woman with a history of squamous cell carcinoma of the lung is admitted to the hospital with worsening lethargy, abdominal pain, and confusion over the past days. Her vital signs show a blood pressure of mmHg and a heart rate of /min. Physical examination reveals dry mucous membranes and delayed capillary refill. Laboratory testing reveals a severely elevated serum calcium level of mg/dL. The decision is made to initiate acute medical management for severe hypercalcemia.
Arrange the following interventions in the correct chronological order of their required administration and physiological onset of action, starting with the most immediate first-line resuscitative step and ending with the therapy that provides delayed but sustained long-term control.
- 1Intravenous isotonic saline infusion
- 2Subcutaneous calcitonin
- 3Intravenous zoledronic acid