A 47-year-old man presents to the emergency department with a 4-day history of high fever, severe headache, profound myalgias, and chills. He recently returned from a week-long hiking trip in the Ozark Mountains of Arkansas, where he reports sustaining multiple tick bites. His temperature is (), blood pressure is , and pulse is . Physical examination reveals a non-toxic appearing man with no focal neurological deficits, no lymphadenopathy, and no skin rash. Laboratory studies show:
Hemoglobin:
Leukocyte count:
Platelet count:
Aspartate aminotransferase (AST):
Alanine aminotransferase (ALT):
Which of the following is the most appropriate empiric pharmacotherapy for this patient?
- AAtovaquone and azithromycin
- BAmoxicillin
- CPiperacillin-tazobactam and vancomycin
- DCeftriaxone
- DoxycyclineAnswer
Answer
Doxycycline
The correct answer is doxycycline. This patient's presentation of acute fever, headache, myalgias, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and elevated transaminases following a tick bite in the South Central United States (Arkansas) is classic for human monocytic ehrlichiosis (HME), caused by Ehrlichia chaffeensis. HME often presents without a rash (the 'spotless' spotted fever), differentiating it from Rocky Mountain spotted fever in many cases. Doxycycline is the definitive first-line empiric treatment and must be initiated immediately without waiting for confirmatory serology or PCR.
Step-by-Step Solution
Key Concept
Empiric treatment of tick-borne illnesses (Ehrlichiosis) based on clinical and laboratory presentation.
Estimated Time:1m 0s