Match each clinical presentation of renal disease with the most likely corresponding glomerular pathology.
- A 32-year-old patient with untreated HIV infection who rapidly develops severe lower extremity edema and proteinuria exceeding 4 g/day.Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
- A 65-year-old patient with newly diagnosed colon cancer who presents with generalized edema, hypoalbuminemia, and hyperlipidemia.Membranous nephropathy
- A 24-year-old patient who notices red-tinged urine concurrently with a low-grade fever and sore throat, which returns to normal within a few days.IgA nephropathy
- A 16-year-old patient who develops sudden massive proteinuria and periorbital edema that rapidly resolves following a course of systemic corticosteroids.Minimal change disease
Answer
The correct matches are: 1) HIV infection matches Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, 2) Colon cancer matches Membranous nephropathy, 3) Synpharyngitic hematuria matches IgA nephropathy, and 4) Corticosteroid-responsive proteinuria matches Minimal change disease.
Each vignette represents a classic presentation of a specific glomerular disease. HIV infection strongly predisposes patients to HIV-associated nephropathy, a collapsing form of Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Solid organ malignancies are a classic secondary cause of Membranous nephropathy. Synpharyngitic hematuria is the hallmark of IgA nephropathy. Finally, sudden-onset, steroid-responsive nephrotic syndrome in a young patient is highly characteristic of Minimal change disease.
Step-by-Step Solution
Key Concept
Clinical associations of specific glomerular diseases