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Zorluk: OrtaComprehending Explicit Comparisons and Contrasts

The following passage is adapted from an essay on the history of optical instruments.

In the history of observational astronomy, two primary designs of optical telescopes have dominated: refractors and reflectors. The refracting telescope, pioneered in the early seventeenth century, utilizes a series of glass lenses to gather and bend incoming starlight to a focal point. In contrast, the reflecting telescope, invented by Sir Isaac Newton in 1668, replaces the primary objective lens with a curved mirror that reflects light to form an image. While refractors are highly regarded for their sealed tubes, which protect the internal optics from dust and atmospheric degradation, they suffer from chromatic aberration—an optical defect where different wavelengths of light focus at slightly different distances, creating a colored halo around bright objects. Newton’s reflector solved this issue because mirrors reflect all wavelengths of light at the exact same angle, thereby eliminating chromatic aberration. However, unlike refractors, reflecting telescopes feature open-ended tubes that expose the primary mirror to air, requiring periodic cleaning and alignment.

Based on the passage, which of the following is an explicit difference between refracting and reflecting telescopes?

  1. A
    Refracting telescopes use primary mirrors to focus light, whereas reflecting telescopes rely on a series of glass lenses.
  2. Refracting telescopes feature sealed tubes that protect the optics, whereas reflecting telescopes have open-ended tubes that require maintenance.Cevap
  3. C
    Refracting telescopes completely eliminate chromatic aberration, whereas reflecting telescopes are prone to producing colored halos around bright objects.
  4. D
    Refracting telescopes require regular manual alignment of their components, whereas reflecting telescopes remain aligned without intervention.

Cevap

Refracting telescopes feature sealed tubes that protect the optics, whereas reflecting telescopes have open-ended tubes that require maintenance.
The correct answer accurately states an explicit difference described in the passage: refracting telescopes use sealed tubes to protect their optics, while reflecting telescopes have open-ended tubes that expose their mirrors, requiring periodic cleaning and alignment.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Identify the two designs compared in the passage.
The passage compares refracting telescopes (which use glass lenses) and reflecting telescopes (which use curved mirrors).
This establishes the subjects of the comparison.
2
Locate the explicit statements about their structural designs and maintenance differences.
The passage explicitly contrasts the refractors' 'sealed tubes, which protect the internal optics' with the reflectors' 'open-ended tubes' that require 'periodic cleaning and alignment.'
This matches the option stating that refractors feature sealed tubes while reflectors have open-ended tubes requiring maintenance.

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Comprehending Explicit Comparisons and Contrasts
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