Passage
When Sir Frank Dyson first proposed the 1919 solar eclipse expeditions to Sobral and Príncipe, he did so with the cautious precision of an administrator securing a ledger. To the public, the endeavor was a pure test of Einstein's radical hypothesis regarding the bending of starlight. Behind the scenes, however, the expedition’s members moved under different, unuttered currents. Arthur Eddington, who led the Príncipe voyage, viewed the physical measurements not merely as astronomical data, but as a bridge to span the bitter chasm that the Great War had carved between British and German intellectuals. His letters home spoke of the 'cosmopolitan sky,' a phrase that annoyed Dyson, who was quietly lobbying the Admiralty for future observatory funding and feared that political sentimentality would undermine the scientific credibility of the Royal Society. Meanwhile, in Sobral, the local assistants watched the British astronomers struggle with their heavy iron coelostat mirrors in the stifling heat. The assistants, long accustomed to the sudden afternoon squalls of the dry season, silently moved the delicate photographic plates to the shelter of the masonry house hours before the first clouds gathered, realizing that the visitors' barometers were useless against the local winds.
Based on the passage, match each figure or group from the 1919 expeditions to their implicitly held attitude or belief regarding the mission.
- Arthur Eddington's attitude toward the scientific measurements of the eclipseBelief that empirical data holds value beyond its physical accuracy as a tool for international diplomacy.
- Frank Dyson's attitude toward the integration of politics and scienceBelief that scientific success requires isolating empirical work from ideological reconciliations to preserve institutional reputation.
- The local assistants' attitude toward the scientific instruments brought by the British astronomersBelief that localized environmental awareness provides more reliable guidance than foreign meteorological tools.