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Zorluk: KolayIdentifying Core Claims and Hypotheses

### Origin of Martian Methane

Methane gas has been detected in the atmosphere of Mars. Two scientists present opposing hypotheses regarding its origin.

Scientist 1
Martian methane is produced by biological activity. Underneath the Martian surface, colonies of methanogenic microbes exist in environments sheltered from solar radiation. These microbes consume hydrogen and carbon dioxide, releasing methane as a byproduct of their metabolic processes. The presence of methane is direct evidence of active microbial life on Mars.

Scientist 2
Martian methane is produced by non-biological geologic processes. Volcanic and tectonic activity drives liquid water through underground fractures containing olivine-rich rocks. In a process called serpentinization, the water reacts chemically with the olivine and dissolved carbon dioxide, synthesizing methane gas. This abiotic reaction requires no organic life and accounts for all detected methane.

According to the passage, Scientist 1's hypothesis is based on the core claim that methane on Mars is produced by which of the following?

  1. A
    geological chemical reactions between underground water and olivine rocks
  2. microbes releasing methane as a metabolic byproductCevap
  3. C
    ancient cometary impacts during the formation of the planet
  4. D
    solar radiation splitting carbon dioxide molecules in the upper atmosphere

Cevap

microbes releasing methane as a metabolic byproduct
Scientist 1's core hypothesis is that methane on Mars is biological in origin, specifically created by methanogenic microbes as a byproduct of their metabolic processes.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Locate the viewpoint of Scientist 1 in the passage.
Scientist 1 argues that Martian methane is produced by biological activity of methanogenic microbes.
To identify the core claim of Scientist 1, we must focus exclusively on Scientist 1's passage text.
2
Match Scientist 1's mechanism to the options.
Scientist 1 states that microbes release methane as a byproduct of their metabolic processes, which matches the correct option.
This directly confirms the biological origin of the methane as hypothesized by Scientist 1.

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Identifying Core Claims and Hypotheses
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Identifying Core Claims and Hypotheses

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