Soru

The following passage is adapted from an essay on nineteenth-century atmospheric science:

In August 1856, American scientist Eunice Newton Foote submitted her research paper, titled "Circumstances Affecting the Heat of the Sun's Rays," to the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) held in Albany, New York. Because women were not permitted to read their own papers before the association at that time, Professor Joseph Henry of the Smithsonian Institution presented the findings on Foote's behalf.

To conduct her investigations, Foote constructed a remarkably straightforward apparatus. She obtained two glass cylinders of equal dimensions, each measuring four inches in diameter and twenty inches in length. Inside each cylinder, she placed two mercurial thermometers to register ambient thermal shifts. She then manipulated the gaseous contents of the cylinders to observe how different gas compositions absorbed radiant thermal energy from direct sunlight.

In her primary set of trials, Foote evacuated the atmospheric air from one cylinder and filled the second cylinder with compressed air. Upon placing both containers in direct sun, she noted that the vessel containing dense, compressed air warmed much more rapidly than the evacuated one. In subsequent experiments, she contrasted dry atmospheric air against air infused with moisture, discovering that damp air attained a higher maximum temperature than dry air.

Foote's most significant observation occurred when she tested carbon dioxide (then commonly referred to as carbonic acid gas). When the cylinder containing carbonic acid gas was exposed to direct sunlight alongside a cylinder filled with standard atmospheric air, the carbonic acid cylinder reached a peak temperature of 120 degrees Fahrenheit. This temperature far exceeded that of the control cylinder containing ordinary air. Furthermore, after both cylinders were removed from sunlight and allowed to cool in the shade, the carbon dioxide cylinder retained its elevated temperature for a noticeably longer duration.

Based on the passage, what was the peak temperature reached by the cylinder containing carbonic acid gas when exposed to direct sunlight?