Soru

A team of atmospheric chemists investigated photochemical smog formation by measuring ozone ($O_3$) production in a sealed $10\text{ m}^3$ environmental chamber. Across five experimental trials, the researchers systematically varied the ultraviolet (UV) light irradiance level ($20$, $40$, $60$, $80$, and $100\text{ W/m}^2$). In all trials, chamber temperature ($25^\circ\text{C}$), relative humidity ($50\%$), and initial concentrations of nitrogen dioxide ($NO_2$, $0.5\text{ ppm}$) and volatile organic compounds ($VOCs$, $2.0\text{ ppm}$) were held constant. The rate of $O_3$ concentration accumulation was recorded over a 60-minute period.

Match each experimental component to its correct variable classification.