Tüm alıştırma soruları

The following passage contains an underlined portion.

Many historic lighthouses along the Atlantic coast are undergoing extensive restoration to repair the damage caused by decades of exposure to salt spray and high winds. At the Cape Hatteras Lighthouse, it was decided by engineers that they would stabilize the sandy foundation, this process will prevent the structure from listing.

Which of the following represents the best replacement for the underlined portion?

The bioluminescent lanternfish uses its glowing organ to attract prey in the midnight zone of the ocean. This unique adaptation currently helps the fish at this moment in time to navigate the pitch-black waters.

Which of the following choices is the most effective and concise revision of the underlined portion of the sentence?

A writer is editing a passage about early computer science and has drafted the following paragraph:

In the early 1950s, computer pioneer Grace Hopper worked on the UNIVAC I, one of the first commercial computers. At the time, programming required writing tedious machine code, which consisted entirely of numbers. Hopper believed that programming could be simplified if programmers could write instructions in English-like statements. This led her to develop the A-0 compiler, a groundbreaking program that translated mathematical code into machine-readable instructions. [5] Computer manufacturers in the mid-twentieth century were highly competitive, seeking to secure lucrative government contracts. Although her colleagues were initially skeptical of her idea, Hopper's innovation laid the foundation for modern programming languages.

The writer is considering deleting Sentence 5 from the paragraph. Should this sentence be deleted?

The passage below contains an underlined portion.

Discovered in 1799 by French soldiers rebuilding a fort, the Rosetta Stone—a broken granodiorite stele inscribed with a royal decree, provided the key to deciphering ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs.

Which choice best punctuates the underlined portion of the sentence?

The city's transit authority announced that the new light rail system will currently operate on a daily basis every single day, providing residents with a reliable alternative to driving.

Which of the following choices is the best replacement for the underlined portion?

The archival team worked meticulously to preserve the author's original manuscript, knowing that even minor environmental shifts could alter the paper's chemical structure. While standard climate controls were sufficient for general storage, the most fragile drafts required a highly controlled environment. Consequently, the team decided to consign the papers to specialized anaerobic chambers to halt the degradation process.

Which choice provides the most precise and contextually appropriate word choice for the bolded portion of the passage?

In forest ecosystems, mycelium—the dense, underground network of fungal threads—decomposes organic matter and distributes nutrients among trees. This complex web [—which connects different plant species, allows] trees to share resources and communicate with one another in a form of symbiotic cooperation.

Which of the following choices best punctuates the underlined portion in brackets?

Because fresco paintings are applied directly to wet plaster, they are especially susceptible of damage from moisture fluctuations in the surrounding gallery. Conservators must therefore monitor relative humidity levels with extreme precision.

Which choice is correct?

The following paragraph contains numbered sentences.

[1] Beneath the forest floor, a vast network of fungal threads, or mycelium, links the roots of neighboring trees. [2] Through this underground system, trees are able to share essential nutrients and water with one another. [3] The largest and oldest trees, often called "mother trees," use this network to support younger saplings in the shaded undergrowth. [4] In addition, scientists discovered that trees use the network to send distress signals about pest infestations. [5] This cooperative exchange ensures the survival of the entire forest community rather than just individual trees.

For the sake of the logic and coherence of the paragraph, the following sentence should be added:

"Upon receiving these warning chemical signals, neighboring trees immediately begin producing defensive compounds to ward off the insects."

Where is the most logical placement for this sentence?

Many modern ecologists argue that the introduction of non-native species often disrupts local ecosystems, causing a disturbance that upsets the natural balance that previously existed beforehand.

Which of the following choices is the most effective replacement for the underlined portion of the sentence?

Passage

Modern infrastructure relies heavily on concrete, a material prone to developing microscopic cracks over time due to weathering and tension. Although these tiny fissures may seem harmless at first, they allow moisture and harmful chemicals to seep into the structure, which eventually corrodes the internal steel reinforcement. [1] Nevertheless, materials scientists have developed a self-healing concrete that utilizes bacteria to repair these cracks from the inside. The concrete is mixed with dormant bacterial spores and nutrients that remain inactive until a crack forms and water enters. Upon contact with moisture, the bacteria wake up and produce limestone, effectively sealing the gap before structural damage can occur.

Question

Which choice provides the most logical transition from the preceding sentence?

The following passage is about museum curators preserving historical documents.

Archivists working at the National Museum must handle fragile historical documents with extreme care. Because exposure to light and humidity can cause irreversible damage, these professionals wear protective gloves and work in climate-controlled environments. By preserving these artifacts, curators ensure that future generations can dig up the stories of the past.

Which choice best maintains the established tone of the passage?

In an effort to retain its most productive faculty, the university announced a new grant structure designed to ensure that research funding is commiserate with the scope and anticipated impact of each department's projects.

Which choice represents the correct idiomatic phrasing for the underlined portion of the sentence?

In the early nineteenth century, a Cherokee silversmith named Sequoyah became convinced that written communication was the key to his people’s long-term independence. Despite widespread skepticism from his community, he spent years developing a written language. Initially, Sequoyah attempted to create a unique pictograph for every word in the Cherokee language. However, this approach proved impractical due to the thousands of distinct symbols required. Realizing that spoken words could be broken down into repeating sounds, he abandoned pictographs and instead designed a syllabary of eighty-five characters representing all the consonant-vowel combinations in the language.

The writer is considering adding the following sentence to the end of the paragraph:

"Within a few years of the syllabary’s completion, the Cherokee Nation established a bilingual newspaper and achieved a literacy rate higher than that of neighboring communities."

Should the writer make this addition?

To ensure unbiased results, the researchers conducted the clinical trial under conditions that were independent of any direct influence from the pharmaceutical sponsors.

Which choice best maintains standard idiomatic English usage for the underlined portion?

The restoration project for the historic lighthouse initially began at the very start in the spring of 1999, but due to budget constraints, the work was not completed until 2004.

Which of the following choices is the best option for the underlined portion?

What is the value of the expression $|-8| - |6 - 11|$?

To restore the Renaissance fresco, conservators utilized microscopic analysis to identify the original chemical composition of the pigments. By carefully matching the historical paint, they ensured that the repaired sections merged seamlessly with the surviving artwork, thereby preserving the historical integrity of the chapel.

Which choice best maintains the established tone of the passage?

The following passage contains an underlined portion.

In 1900, physicist Wallace Sabine revolutionized architectural acoustics during the construction of Boston Symphony Hall. Prior to Sabine’s work, designers relied on guesswork, which often resulted in concert halls with poor sound quality. Sabine, however, calculated the exact rate of reverberation, a process that was done by him through analyzing and studying the absorption properties of various different materials. As a result, Boston Symphony Hall became the first auditorium designed with scientifically formulated acoustics.

Which of the following choices most effectively refines the underlined portion of the passage by eliminating wordiness while maintaining grammatical correctness?

The following passage is about the development of the periodic table.

In 1869, the Russian chemist Dmitri Mendeleev published his first version of the periodic table. He organized the elements by their atomic masses, leaving gaps for elements that had not yet been discovered. The predicted elements, which Mendeleev described in detail were later isolated and found to match his predictions with remarkable accuracy.

Which choice best punctuates the underlined portion of the passage?