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Zorluk: OrtaEarly Civil Rights Activism and Organizations

"We have met here to establish a league of colored people... to protect our rights under the Constitution. We have been disenfranchised; we have been subjected to the most cruel and inhuman outrages... We propose to fight these evils, not by force of arms, but by organization, by agitation, and by testing the constitutionality of these laws in the courts of last resort."

— T. Thomas Fortune, address at the founding of the National Afro-American League, 1890

Which of the following best describes how the strategy proposed in the excerpt influenced the tactics of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) in the early twentieth century?

  1. The NAACP adopted the League's emphasis on constitutional litigation, establishing legal redress as a primary mechanism to challenge disenfranchisement and segregation.Cevap
  2. B
    The NAACP abandoned the League's legal approach, choosing instead to replicate the Niagara Movement's strategy of relying entirely on localized mutual aid societies.
  3. C
    The NAACP rejected political agitation in favor of Booker T. Washington’s strategy of prioritizing industrial education and economic accommodation.
  4. D
    The NAACP used the League's principles to advocate for the mass emigration of African Americans to West Africa as the only solution to disenfranchisement.

Cevap

The NAACP adopted the League's emphasis on constitutional litigation, establishing legal redress as a primary mechanism to challenge disenfranchisement and segregation.
The correct answer is correct because T. Thomas Fortune's 1890 address to the National Afro-American League explicitly outlines a strategy of utilizing the court system to challenge the constitutionality of discriminatory laws. This legal strategy became the defining tactic of the NAACP, particularly through its Legal Defense and Educational Fund, which achieved landmark victories against segregation and disenfranchisement.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Analyze the stimulus document to identify the speaker's main proposal.
T. Thomas Fortune advocates for fighting racial injustice through organization, agitation, and testing the constitutionality of segregation laws in the courts.
Understanding the core argument of the stimulus is necessary to connect it to later organizations.
2
Compare the strategy in the stimulus with the historical tactics of the NAACP.
The NAACP, founded in 1909, made constitutional litigation (such as challenging grandfather clauses and housing covenants) the cornerstone of its civil rights strategy.
This establishes the historical continuity between the National Afro-American League and the NAACP.
3
Evaluate the options to identify which one accurately depicts this relationship and avoid common misconceptions.
The correct option identifies the adoption of constitutional litigation. The other options either confuse the NAACP with the Niagara Movement, misrepresent Booker T. Washington's influence, or incorrectly suggest emigrationism.
This confirms the correct option while eliminating distractors based on historical errors.

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